python email

周海汉 2016.1.17

python 发送邮件，可带多附件，并且可以将目录中所有文件作为附件发送。解决中文乱码问题。

整理一下可以作为一个开源库使用。

使用方法：

python dkemail.py -a dkemail.py -a myemail.py -s 1234234@163.com -r 5636223@163.com -r 234234@qq.com

#!/usr/bin/env python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-
#author:Andy Zhou
#date:2016.1.17

"""发送邮件程序"""

import os
import sys
import smtplib
# For guessing MIME type based on file name extension
import mimetypes

from optparse import OptionParser

from email import encoders
from email.message import Message
from email.mime.audio import MIMEAudio
from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header

COMMASPACE = ', '

SMTP_SVR = 'smtp.163.com'
PASSWORD = 'mypassword'

def attach_file(path):

    # Guess the content type based on the file's extension.  Encoding
    # will be ignored, although we should check for simple things like
    # gzip'd or compressed files.
    filename = os.path.basename(path)
    ctype, encoding = mimetypes.guess_type(path)
    if ctype is None or encoding is not None:
        # No guess could be made, or the file is encoded (compressed), so
        # use a generic bag-of-bits type.
        ctype = 'application/octet-stream'
    maintype, subtype = ctype.split('/', 1)
    if maintype == 'text' or maintype == 'html':
        fp = open(path)
        # Note: we should handle calculating the charset
        msg = MIMEText(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype, _charset="utf-8")
        fp.close()
    elif maintype == 'image':
        fp = open(path, 'rb')
        msg = MIMEImage(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype)
        fp.close()
    elif maintype == 'audio':
        fp = open(path, 'rb')
        msg = MIMEAudio(fp.read(), _subtype=subtype)
        fp.close()
    else:
        fp = open(path, 'rb')
        msg = MIMEBase(maintype, subtype)
        msg.set_payload(fp.read())
        fp.close()
        # Encode the payload using Base64
        encoders.encode_base64(msg)
    # Set the filename parameter
    msg.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=filename)
    return msg

def attach_files(files,outer_msg):
    for afile in files:
        if afile[0] != '/':
            afile=os.path.join(os.path.abspath('.'),afile)
        msg = attach_file(afile)
        outer_msg.attach(msg)
    
def attach_dir(directory,outer_msg):

    for filename in os.listdir(directory):
        path = os.path.join(directory, filename)
        if not os.path.isfile(path):
            continue
        msg = attach_file(path)
        outer_msg.attach(msg)

def email_outer(_from, _to, subject ):

    # Create the enclosing (outer) message
    outer = MIMEMultipart()
    outer['Subject'] = Header(subject,'utf-8') 
    outer['To'] = _to 
    outer['From'] = _from 
    #outer["Accept-Language"]="zh-CN"
    outer["Accept-Charset"]="ISO-8859-1,utf-8"
    return outer

def email_body(body, outer, _format = 'plain'):
    if isinstance(body,unicode):
        body = str(body)

    msg = MIMEText(body,_format,'utf-8')
    outer.attach(msg)
    return outer

def main():
    parser = OptionParser(usage="""\
Send the contents of a directory as a MIME message.

Usage: %prog [options]

Unless the -o option is given, the email is sent by forwarding to your local
SMTP server, which then does the normal delivery process.  Your local machine
must be running an SMTP server.
""")
    parser.add_option('-a', '--attfile',
                      type='string', action='append', metavar='ATTFILE',
                      default=[], dest='attfiles',
                      help="""Mail the contents of the specified file,
                      if the file name is not  full path, it will from the current directory.""")
    parser.add_option('-d', '--directory',
                      type='string', action='store',
                      help="""Mail the contents of the specified directory,
                      otherwise use the current directory.  Only the regular
                      files in the directory are sent, and we don't recurse to
                      subdirectories.""")
    parser.add_option('-o', '--output',
                      type='string', action='store', metavar='FILE',
                      help="""Print the composed message to FILE instead of
                      sending the message to the SMTP server.""")
    parser.add_option('-s', '--sender',
                      type='string', action='store', metavar='SENDER',
                      help='The value of the From: header (required)')
    parser.add_option('-r', '--recipient',
                      type='string', action='append', metavar='RECIPIENT',
                      default=[], dest='recipients',
                      help='A To: header value (at least one required)')
    opts, args = parser.parse_args()
    if not opts.sender or not opts.recipients:
        parser.print_help()
        sys.exit(1)
    directory = opts.directory
    if not directory:
        directory = '.'
##
    main_body="""<h1>这是测试邮件附件程序body.</h1><p>命令:python dkemail.py -a
    dkemail.py -a myemail.py -s myemail@163.com -r rec@163.com -r
    153234@qq.com</p>"""
    subject = "测试邮件标题subject"
    outer = email_outer(opts.sender,COMMASPACE.join(opts.recipients),subject)
    outer = email_body(main_body,outer,"html")
    
    if opts.attfiles:
        attach_files(opts.attfiles,outer)
    if opts.directory:
        attach_dir(directory,outer)
    # Now send or store the message
    composed = outer.as_string()
    if opts.output:
        fp = open(opts.output, 'w')
        fp.write(composed)
        fp.close()
    else:
        s = smtplib.SMTP(SMTP_SVR)
        s.login(opts.sender, PASSWORD)
        s.sendmail(opts.sender, opts.recipients, composed)
        s.quit()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()